The
C-12 Huron is the military
designation for a series of twin-engine
turboprop aircraft based on the Beechcraft
Super King Air and Beechcraft 1900. C-12
variants are used by the United States Air
Force, United States Army, United States
Navy and United States Marine Corps. These
aircraft are used for various duties,
including embassy support, medical
evacuation, as well as passenger and light
cargo transport. Some aircraft are modified
with surveillance systems for various
missions, including the
Cefly Lancer,
Guardrail and
Project Liberty
programs. |
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Variants
King Air 200-based variants
- C-12A /
RU-21J
- The US Army
procured the first three King Air 200s,
designated the RU-21J, in 1971. The
U-21J became the first C-12 and it was
configured with Pratt and Whitney
PT6A-42 power plants with a ramp weight
of 14,500. It was used by the US Army for liaison and
attache transport. Based on the King Air
A200 (serial numbers BC-1 through BC-61,
BD-1 and up).
- UC-12B
- US Navy/US Marine Corps version with
an additional cargo door. Based on the
King Air A200C (serial numbers BJ-1 and
up).
- NC-12B
- US Navy single-aircraft version,
UC-12B BuNo 161311 equipped with four
P-3C type Sonobuoy launchers.
- TC-12B
- US Navy training version developed
by conversion of UC-12B airframes.
- C-12C
- US Army and US Air Force version of
the C-12A with upgraded engines. Based
on the King Air A200 (serial numbers
BC-62 and up).
- C-12D
- US Army and US Air Force version.
Based on the King Air A200CT, changes
include larger cargo door,
"high-flotation" landing gear (a
Beechcraft option for larger main
landing gear wheels for use on
unimproved runways) (serial numbers
BP-1, BP-22, BP-24 through BP-51).
- RC-12D
- Special mission, SIGINT aircraft for
the US Army.
- UC-12D
- Based on the King Air A200CT (serial
numbers BP-7 though BP-11).
- C-12E
- Upgraded C-12A aircraft for the
USAF. 29 C-12As were retro-fitted with
two Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-42
turboprop engines.
- C-12F
- US Air Force transport version.
Based on the King Air A200CF (serial
numbers BP-52 through BP-63) and the
King Air B200C (serial numbers BP-64 and
up).
- RC-12F
- US Navy version of the UC-12F
modified with surface search radar.
- UC-12F
- US Navy version based on the King
Air B200C (serial number BU-1 and up,
BV-1 and up, BW-1 and up). Cockpit
upgraded to Proline 21.
- RC-12G
- US Army version used for real-time
tactical intelligence support under the
Crazyhorse program.
Based on the King Air A200CT (three
aircraft, serial numbers FC-1 and up).
Previously operated by US Army Reserve
aviation units.
- RC-12H
- Special mission, battlefield SIGINT
aircraft for the US Army.
- C-12L
- Three A200s acquired for use in the
Cefly Lancer program as RU-21Js.
In 1984 the three aircraft modified with
new VIP interiors, and returned to the
US Army as C-12Ls.
- UC-12M
- US Navy version. Cockpit upgraded to
Proline 21.
- RC-12M
- US Navy version. Upgraded cockpit
instrumentation, plus other systems and
structural upgrades.
- RC-12N
- US Army Guardrail Common Sensor
system aircraft.
- C-12R
- Off the shelf BE200 modified with
EFIS glass cockpit instrumentation.
- C-12T
- Upgrade of earlier US Army C-12F
versions with improved cockpit
instrumentation.
- C-12U
- Upgrade of US Army C-12T versions
with improved cockpit instrumentation in
order to meet global air traffic
management directives.
- RU-21J
- Special mission, battlefield ELINT
aircraft. Three A200s were brought by
the US Army for use in the
Cefly
Lancer program in the early 1970s.
- RC-12X
- Intelligence-gathering platform. 14
ordered, the first delivered to the US
Army in January 2011.
- C-12V
- Upgraded C-12R with Proline 21 FMS,
currently used exclusively in Iraq and
Afghanistan
King Air 350-based variants
- C-12S
- US Army version based on the King
Air 350, with seating for 8 to 15
passengers and quick cargo conversion
capability.
- MC-12W Liberty
- USAF version modified for the
Intelligence, Surveillance &
Reconnaissance (ISR) role; 8 King Air
350s and 29 King Air 350ERs. In service
since June 2009 in Iraq and Afghanistan.
- UC-12W
- US Navy version based on the King
Air 350
Beechcraft 1900-based variant
- C-12J
- Used by the US Air Force's Pacific
Air Forces, and Air Force Materiel
Command. It carries 2 crew and 19
passengers. The C-12J is based on the
Beechcraft 1900C and carries the serials
UD-1 through UD-6.
The Air Force currently operates only 4
C-12Js. 3 are operated by the 459th Airlift
Squadron at Yokota Air Base, Japan and 1 by
the Air Force Materiel Command from Holloman
AFB, New Mexico. The Army has 2 C-12Js in
use, 1 in Korea and 1 in Germany.
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C-12A
Huron Photo:
Robert Deering 4/26/2014
NAS Fort Worth
JRB (NFW)
Fort
Worth, Texas |
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MC-12
Liberty Photo:
Robert Deering 8/7/2021
Ponca City
Regional Airport (PNC)
Ponca City, Oklahoma |
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Design and development
The first C-12A models entered service
with the U.S. Army in 1974 and was used as a
liaison and general personnel transport. The
aircraft was essentially an "off-the-shelf"
Super King Air 200, powered by the type's
standard Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-41
engines.
The U.S. Navy followed suit in 1979,
ordering a version of the Super King Air
A200C (modified with a 52 inch by 52 inch
cargo door from the Super King Air 200C),
designating it the UC-12B, for logistics
support between Naval and Marine Corps air
stations, air facilities, and other
activities, both in CONUS and overseas. The
cabin can readily accommodate cargo,
passengers or both. It is also equipped to
accept litter patients in medical evacuation
missions. Through 1982, the Navy ordered 64
of these aircraft.
A U.S. Air Force variant of the plane for
surveillance roles primarily over
Afghanistan and Iraq is the MC-12 Liberty.
For that variant, Beechcraft builds the
basic plane and then sends it to Greenville,
Texas where sophisticated Intelligence,
Surveillance & Reconnaissance equipment is
installed by L-3 Communications Missions
Integration. As of 2013 the Liberty
program has exceeded 300,000 combat flying
hours.
To meet the needs of transporting larger
groups, the U.S. Army purchased six C-12J
aircraft, based on the Beechcraft 1900C
commuter airliner. One of the military
C-12Js is used for GPS jamming tests at the
586th Flight Test Squadron, Holloman Air
Force Base, New Mexico. Another is
based at the 517th Airlift Squadron,
Elmendorf Air Force Base, Alaska. Three were
based at the 55th Airlift Flight, Osan Air
Base, South Korea. They have been
relocated to the 459th Airlift Squadron,
Yokota Air Base, Japan. The remaining two
are used by U.S. Army Aviation.
Although the UD- series 1900s were
manufactured exclusively for military use,
the United States military and other
military and government organizations use
1900s from other series such as the
UB-series 1900C, and 1900Ds which may be
found elsewhere.
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SPECIFICATIONS:
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PERFORMANCE: |
Span:
54 ft 6 in (16.61
m) |
Maximum
speed: 333 mph (289
knots, 535 km/h) at 15,000 ft (4,600 m) |
Length:
43 ft 9 in (13.34 m) |
Crusing
speed:
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Height:
15 ft 0 in (4.57 m) |
Range:
2,075 mi (1,800 nm, 3,338 km) |
Empty
Weight: 7,755 lb (3,520
kg) |
Service
ceiling:
32,800
ft. (10,700 m) |
Gross
Weight: 12,500
lb (5,670 kg) |
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Crew: 1-5 and up to 13
passengers |
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Engines: 2 × Pratt &
Whitney Canada PT6A-42 turboprops, 850
shp (635 kW) each |
Armament:
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SOURCE:
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