Northrop | |||
F-5 Freedom Fighter / Tiger II
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Photo: Robert
Deering 9/3/2011 Museum of Flight King County International Airport (BFI) Seattle, Washington |
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The Northrop F-5 is
a family of supersonic light
fighter aircraft initially designed as a
privately funded project in the late 1950s
by Northrop Corporation. There are two main
models, the original F-5A and F-5B
Freedom Fighter variants and the
extensively updated F-5E and F-5F
Tiger II variants. The design team
wrapped a small, highly aerodynamic fighter
around two compact and high-thrust General
Electric J85 engines, focusing on
performance and a low cost of maintenance.
Smaller and simpler than contemporaries such
as the McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II, the
F-5 cost less to procure and operate, making
it a popular export aircraft. Though
primarily designed for a day air superiority
role, the aircraft is also a capable
ground-attack platform. The F-5A entered
service in the early 1960s. During the Cold
War, over 800 were produced through 1972 for
U.S. allies. Though at the time the United
States Air Force (USAF) did not have a need
for a light fighter, it did procure
approximately 1,200 Northrop T-38
Talon trainer aircraft, which was based on
Northrop's N-156 fighter design.
After winning the
International Fighter Aircraft Competition,
a program aimed at providing effective
low-cost fighters to American allies, in
1970 Northrop introduced the
second-generation F-5E Tiger II in 1972.
This upgrade included more powerful engines,
larger fuel capacity, greater wing area and
improved leading edge extensions for better
turn rates, optional air-to-air refueling,
and improved avionics including air-to-air
radar. Primarily used by American allies, it
remains in US service to support training
exercises. It has served in a wide array of
roles, being able to perform both air and
ground attack duties; the type was used
extensively in the Vietnam War. A total of
1,400 Tiger IIs were built before production
ended in 1987. More than 3,800 F-5s and the
closely related T-38 advanced trainer
aircraft were produced in Hawthorne,
California. The F-5N/F variants are in
service with the United States
Navy and United States Marine
Corps as adversary trainers. Approximately
500 aircraft were in service as of 2014.
The F-5 was also developed into a dedicated reconnaissance version, the RF-5 Tigereye. The F-5 also served as a starting point for a series of design studies which resulted in the Northrop YF-17 and the F/A-18 naval fighter aircraft. The Northrop F-20 Tigershark was an advanced variant to succeed the F-5E which was ultimately canceled when export customers did not emerge.
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Photo: Robert Deering 4/26/2014 NAS Fort Worth JRB (NFW) Fort Worth, Texas |